What do you call the formation of a clot that obstructs blood flow in a vessel?

The formation of a clot that obstructs blood flow in a vessel is known as thrombosis. Thrombosis occurs when blood cells aggregate, along with fibrin and platelets, at a site of vascular injury, leading to the formation of a stable blood clot that can hinder or completely obstruct blood flow in an affected vessel. This can result in serious complications, such as tissue ischemia or infarction, depending on the location and extent of the blockage.

In contrast, embolism refers to a condition where a clot or other debris forms elsewhere in the body and travels through the bloodstream, eventually lodging itself in a vessel and causing a blockage. An aneurysm is a localized dilation of a blood vessel wall, which can lead to rupture and hemorrhage, but it is not the direct formation of a clot. Arteriosclerosis involves the hardening and thickening of arterial walls, which can contribute to restricted blood flow but is not synonymous with the formation of a clot itself.